Research and analysis
D4i: Relative abundance of species in England, 1970 to 2024
Updated 13 May 2026
| year | trendline | value |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 100.0 |
| 1971 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 93.08025345 |
| 1972 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 88.11731567 |
| 1973 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 84.66110551 |
| 1974 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 82.38296731 |
| 1975 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 81.03499351 |
| 1976 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 80.42282394 |
| 1977 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 80.38711913 |
| 1978 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 80.79080527 |
| 1979 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 81.51034379 |
| 1980 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 82.43126151 |
| 1981 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 83.44709762 |
| 1982 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 84.45823647 |
| 1983 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 85.37200053 |
| 1984 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 86.10384739 |
| 1985 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 86.57929768 |
| 1986 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 86.73622028 |
| 1987 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 86.52749122 |
| 1988 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 85.92934188 |
| 1989 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 84.94749001 |
| 1990 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 83.61639345 |
| 1991 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 81.99671179 |
| 1992 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 80.17150979 |
| 1993 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 78.24182827 |
| 1994 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 76.32241218 |
| 1995 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 74.53299166 |
| 1996 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 72.96445104 |
| 1997 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 71.67077984 |
| 1998 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 70.67428049 |
| 1999 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 69.96940683 |
| 2000 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 69.52488194 |
| 2001 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 69.28416792 |
| 2002 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 69.16472728 |
| 2003 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 69.07040095 |
| 2004 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 68.92628958 |
| 2005 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 68.68439402 |
| 2006 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 68.32376395 |
| 2007 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 67.85033481 |
| 2008 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 67.29616636 |
| 2009 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 66.71815894 |
| 2010 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 66.19595838 |
| 2011 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 65.80792755 |
| 2012 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 65.6042588 |
| 2013 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 65.6072446 |
| 2014 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 65.81236284 |
| 2015 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 66.18813866 |
| 2016 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 66.67484872 |
| 2017 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 67.1825354 |
| 2018 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 67.59066563 |
| 2019 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 67.76199547 |
| 2020 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 67.55357391 |
| 2021 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 66.82326501 |
| 2022 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 65.43947329 |
| 2023 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 63.29379731 |
| 2024 | Smoothed index (option 1) | 60.31554551 |
| 1970 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 100.0 |
| 1971 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 92.14158148 |
| 1972 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 86.55948686 |
| 1973 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 82.72709894 |
| 1974 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 80.244348 |
| 1975 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 78.76610212 |
| 1976 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 77.95854668 |
| 1977 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 77.75046828 |
| 1978 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 77.94374237 |
| 1979 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 78.39703755 |
| 1980 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 79.0226676 |
| 1981 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 79.75921575 |
| 1982 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 80.53155335 |
| 1983 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 81.33962582 |
| 1984 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 81.94751825 |
| 1985 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 82.33014542 |
| 1986 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 82.40000589 |
| 1987 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 82.07725749 |
| 1988 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 81.37788353 |
| 1989 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 80.25047292 |
| 1990 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 78.81970261 |
| 1991 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 77.16619527 |
| 1992 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 75.41020998 |
| 1993 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 73.4283275 |
| 1994 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 71.50514933 |
| 1995 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 69.85192803 |
| 1996 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 68.29896992 |
| 1997 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 67.04974458 |
| 1998 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 66.02825822 |
| 1999 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 65.35571751 |
| 2000 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 64.90390483 |
| 2001 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 64.58580393 |
| 2002 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 64.49491986 |
| 2003 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 64.27373929 |
| 2004 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 64.05627113 |
| 2005 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 63.79213253 |
| 2006 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 63.41549241 |
| 2007 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 62.87874147 |
| 2008 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 62.34129787 |
| 2009 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 61.72380045 |
| 2010 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 61.13832396 |
| 2011 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 60.77846382 |
| 2012 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 60.56783727 |
| 2013 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 60.47353526 |
| 2014 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 60.66162025 |
| 2015 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 60.95570054 |
| 2016 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 61.34601918 |
| 2017 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 61.74367824 |
| 2018 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 62.05676908 |
| 2019 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 62.14543056 |
| 2020 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 61.9199735 |
| 2021 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 61.26919094 |
| 2022 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 60.00640556 |
| 2023 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 58.00295382 |
| 2024 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 1) | 55.26188457 |
| 1970 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 100.0 |
| 1971 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 94.01185409 |
| 1972 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 89.65597598 |
| 1973 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 86.61744154 |
| 1974 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 84.62675736 |
| 1975 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 83.47016106 |
| 1976 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 82.99918666 |
| 1977 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 83.17191871 |
| 1978 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 83.82103907 |
| 1979 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 84.73116496 |
| 1980 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 85.89335831 |
| 1981 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 87.10954587 |
| 1982 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 88.2687906 |
| 1983 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 89.35139637 |
| 1984 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 90.14857489 |
| 1985 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 90.89448004 |
| 1986 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 91.26407431 |
| 1987 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 91.30886644 |
| 1988 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 90.85388555 |
| 1989 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 89.95700145 |
| 1990 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 88.61953297 |
| 1991 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 87.0181865 |
| 1992 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 85.17933496 |
| 1993 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 83.21432825 |
| 1994 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 81.35463342 |
| 1995 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 79.59947464 |
| 1996 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 78.05647307 |
| 1997 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 76.75032569 |
| 1998 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 75.69999939 |
| 1999 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 75.04145437 |
| 2000 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 74.69883419 |
| 2001 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 74.48983897 |
| 2002 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 74.48527506 |
| 2003 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 74.42634235 |
| 2004 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 74.3418547 |
| 2005 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 74.22729368 |
| 2006 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 73.91275849 |
| 2007 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 73.35829875 |
| 2008 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 72.80163134 |
| 2009 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 72.14078567 |
| 2010 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 71.61098004 |
| 2011 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 71.22686749 |
| 2012 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 71.0264207 |
| 2013 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 71.03971081 |
| 2014 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 71.23105186 |
| 2015 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 71.72030953 |
| 2016 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 72.34705172 |
| 2017 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 72.96905669 |
| 2018 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 73.53116472 |
| 2019 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 73.77473012 |
| 2020 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 73.56030068 |
| 2021 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 72.80554246 |
| 2022 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 71.33460053 |
| 2023 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 69.05199451 |
| 2024 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 1) | 65.91775912 |
| 1970 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 100.0 |
| 1971 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 89.92965938 |
| 1972 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 85.12555355 |
| 1973 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 83.50609721 |
| 1974 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 83.61737313 |
| 1975 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 84.28251767 |
| 1976 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 84.60424037 |
| 1977 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 83.9792999 |
| 1978 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 82.34090396 |
| 1979 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 80.46671672 |
| 1980 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 79.86105928 |
| 1981 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 81.60677874 |
| 1982 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 85.23222825 |
| 1983 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 88.53223279 |
| 1984 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 89.38416184 |
| 1985 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 87.60529576 |
| 1986 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 84.87274556 |
| 1987 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 82.67767805 |
| 1988 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 81.52203721 |
| 1989 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 81.18093527 |
| 1990 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 81.34587869 |
| 1991 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 81.78307717 |
| 1992 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 82.28783086 |
| 1993 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 82.58053307 |
| 1994 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 82.29058517 |
| 1995 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 81.03169699 |
| 1996 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 78.54338719 |
| 1997 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 74.74304482 |
| 1998 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 70.06576605 |
| 1999 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 65.69615839 |
| 2000 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 63.25149151 |
| 2001 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 63.59919888 |
| 2002 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 66.19397823 |
| 2003 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 69.07395731 |
| 2004 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 70.48945374 |
| 2005 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 70.21542914 |
| 2006 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 69.44739416 |
| 2007 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 69.08219225 |
| 2008 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 69.15866672 |
| 2009 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 69.1126489 |
| 2010 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 68.57264978 |
| 2011 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 67.53644589 |
| 2012 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 66.27091546 |
| 2013 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 65.09870835 |
| 2014 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 64.36311906 |
| 2015 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 64.30442765 |
| 2016 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 64.89259699 |
| 2017 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 65.82230648 |
| 2018 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 66.70561459 |
| 2019 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 67.27001957 |
| 2020 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 67.36874727 |
| 2021 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 66.86966715 |
| 2022 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 65.5910491 |
| 2023 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 63.32736384 |
| 2024 | Smoothed index (option 2) | 59.91192793 |
| 1970 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 100.0 |
| 1971 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 88.79661229 |
| 1972 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 83.59904177 |
| 1973 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 81.6091418 |
| 1974 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 81.36746284 |
| 1975 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 81.77504775 |
| 1976 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 81.94546936 |
| 1977 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 81.17070313 |
| 1978 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 79.41688195 |
| 1979 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 77.38195537 |
| 1980 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 76.67662048 |
| 1981 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 78.16894839 |
| 1982 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 81.34949597 |
| 1983 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 84.36292164 |
| 1984 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 84.90935909 |
| 1985 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 83.10749853 |
| 1986 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 80.51512356 |
| 1987 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 78.3474734 |
| 1988 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 77.18867901 |
| 1989 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 76.74418625 |
| 1990 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 76.78165687 |
| 1991 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 76.97348798 |
| 1992 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 77.26754061 |
| 1993 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 77.46672168 |
| 1994 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 77.14081078 |
| 1995 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 75.9373754 |
| 1996 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 73.44921129 |
| 1997 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 69.94537567 |
| 1998 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 65.44321692 |
| 1999 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 61.18830357 |
| 2000 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 58.87455824 |
| 2001 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 59.09733658 |
| 2002 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 61.55124543 |
| 2003 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 64.26971291 |
| 2004 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 65.47828624 |
| 2005 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 65.15214165 |
| 2006 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 64.44370407 |
| 2007 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 64.02828016 |
| 2008 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 64.05236195 |
| 2009 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 63.90883196 |
| 2010 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 63.30751503 |
| 2011 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 62.29044194 |
| 2012 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 60.95628701 |
| 2013 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 59.85591025 |
| 2014 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 59.22796175 |
| 2015 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 59.18251242 |
| 2016 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 59.59184291 |
| 2017 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 60.47353463 |
| 2018 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 61.23448149 |
| 2019 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 61.7679457 |
| 2020 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 61.84985772 |
| 2021 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 61.35029884 |
| 2022 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 60.08858709 |
| 2023 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 57.90686492 |
| 2024 | 95% credible interval lower bound (option 2) | 54.76319319 |
| 1970 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 100.0 |
| 1971 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 91.1243867 |
| 1972 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 86.8007196 |
| 1973 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 85.49780055 |
| 1974 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 85.9333615 |
| 1975 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 86.86249778 |
| 1976 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 87.46823483 |
| 1977 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 87.07888002 |
| 1978 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 85.51590134 |
| 1979 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 83.8458078 |
| 1980 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 83.31972472 |
| 1981 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 85.27421536 |
| 1982 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 89.27209421 |
| 1983 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 92.89137875 |
| 1984 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 93.98449338 |
| 1985 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 92.33591943 |
| 1986 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 89.52827736 |
| 1987 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 87.43466469 |
| 1988 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 86.38515311 |
| 1989 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 86.14602842 |
| 1990 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 86.49123953 |
| 1991 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 87.04263288 |
| 1992 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 87.72656075 |
| 1993 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 88.16945107 |
| 1994 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 88.02115913 |
| 1995 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 86.63736239 |
| 1996 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 84.06494266 |
| 1997 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 79.86421480999999 |
| 1998 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 75.06503475 |
| 1999 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 70.47860325 |
| 2000 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 67.90443208 |
| 2001 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 68.3303267 |
| 2002 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 71.12215475 |
| 2003 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 74.28591 |
| 2004 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 75.87654217 |
| 2005 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 75.78523172 |
| 2006 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 75.15820953 |
| 2007 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 74.79636204 |
| 2008 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 74.91630914 |
| 2009 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 74.88216406 |
| 2010 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 74.39466162 |
| 2011 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 73.38911275 |
| 2012 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 72.09862433 |
| 2013 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 70.84717226 |
| 2014 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 70.0160901 |
| 2015 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 70.0390863 |
| 2016 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 70.76912082 |
| 2017 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 71.94063618 |
| 2018 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 72.92786438 |
| 2019 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 73.44190429 |
| 2020 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 73.59911806 |
| 2021 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 73.03501127 |
| 2022 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 71.6213414 |
| 2023 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 69.17105263 |
| 2024 | 95% credible interval upper bound (option 2) | 65.43283017 |