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Guidance

Investigation into the deaths of Radhi Nama and Mousa Ali

Evidence, documents and transcripts from oral hearings published as part of the Investigation into the deaths of Radhi Nama and Mousa Ali.

From:
Ministry of Defence
Published
22 December 2020
Last updated
17 April 2026 — See all updates

Documents

PDF, 468 KB, 4 pages

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Confirmation of Appointment and Terms of Reference (accessible version)

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Letter to the Inspector of the IFI from the Prosecutor of the ICC dated 11 January 2021 (accessible version)

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Baroness Hallett announcement 16 December 2021

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Announcement of directions hearing (3 November 2022)

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Details

On 31 July 2022, The Rt Hon Dame Anne Rafferty DBE was appointed as Inspector to conduct two investigations. The first concerns the deaths of Radhi Nama and Mousa Ali on 8 May 2003 and 13 May 2003 respectively. The second concerns the death of Ahmed Jabbar Kareem Ali on 8 May 2003, in which the first Inspector, Sir George Newman, issued an interim report within which he concluded that Mr Ali drowned after soldiers forced him into the Shatt al Basra canal on 8 May 2003 and failed to go to his assistance when he floundered, thereby causing his death. Sir George recommended a further investigation to ascertain whether there were a wider context of soldiers soaking looters in water to punish and deter them from looting. The Terms of Reference for both investigations remain unchanged.

, published on 24 November 2025, concluded that:

  • Radhi Nama died at Camp Stephen following detention during a search operation by Charlie Company 1 Black Watch, the target of which was his son. The reason for his detention is not clear and findings as to his cause of death could not be made, though the evidence of military witnesses confirmed he collapsed at Camp Stephen during and following a distressing series of events.
  • Mousa Ali died at Camp Stephen following detention during a joint search operation between Charlie Company 1 Black Watch and Specialist Military Units, during which alleged members of the Fedayeen (the original targets) escaped the target location to his house. At Camp Stephen he was forced by his guards to alternate between strenuous circuit-type exercises and holding a squatting stress position in over 30掳C heat. When he pleaded to be allowed to stop, he was made to continue and eventually collapsed, the exercises being causally relevant to his death.

There was no concerted practice of wetting by troops in the 1 Black Watch Battlegroup, though isolated incidents did take place. It follows that senior Commanders were not aware, nor condoned, such a practice.

Updates to this page

Published 22 December 2020
Last updated 17 April 2026 show all updates

  1. The Details section has been updated following completion and publication of the Inspector's report into the deaths of Radhi Nama and Mousa Ali.

  2. Added: supplementary documents.

  3. Added Public Hearing Transcript - 7 August 2023 (Arabic).

  4. Added Public Hearing Transcript (7 August 2023) and updated Public Hearing Transcript (12 April 2023).

  5. Added: 'Announcement of public hearings - 7 August 2023'.

  6. Added: Public Hearing Transcripts (11 to 13 April 2023).

  7. Added: Announcement of Public Hearings (11 to 13 April 2023).

  8. Updated 'Transcript of Public Directions Hearing 3 November 2022 (Arabic)'.

  9. Added the Arabic translation of 'Transcript of Public Directions Hearing 3 November 2022'.

  10. Added: 'Transcript of Public Directions Hearing 3 November 2022'.

  11. Added 'Announcement of directions hearing (3 November 2022)'.

  12. Updated details section with Dame Anne Rafferty's appointment as Inspector.

  13. Added: 'Transcript of Public Directions Hearing 27 April 2022 (Arabic)'.

  14. Added: Letter from Attorney General to IFI dated 10 February 2021 and Letter from IFI to Attorney General dated 7 January 2021.

  15. Addition of 'Transcript of Public Directions Hearing - 27 April 2022'.

  16. Addition of 'Inspector's Ruling on Initial Disclosure (29 April 2022)'.

  17. Added: Announcement of directions hearing.

  18. Addition of 'Baroness Hallett announcement 16 December 2021'.

  19. Addition of public statement by investigator.

  20. Added the Letter to the Inspector of the IFI from the Prosecutor of the ICC dated 11 January 2021.

  21. First published.

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